Capacity and output decide what a power station can run, and those two numbers are covered thoroughly in our sizing guides. What the spec sheet hides is how long the battery lasts in years, whether it can catch a load fast enough to matter, and what buying into one brand commits you to.



LiFePO4 (also written LFP) cells typically hold most of their capacity past a few thousand charge cycles; older NMC lithium-ion chemistry is usually rated for several hundred. For a unit that sits charged and is cycled occasionally that difference may never surface, but for daily or seasonal use it is the difference between a decade of service and a few years. LiFePO4 is also more thermally stable and heavier for the same capacity.
Anything with a motor or compressor (fridges, pumps, power tools, some microwaves) draws several times its running wattage for a fraction of a second at startup. A station whose continuous rating covers the running load can still trip on that spike. Check the surge figure against the startup draw of the worst thing you plan to plug in, not against its steady draw.
Many stations can run loads while charging, effectively acting as a UPS. What matters then is how fast they switch over when grid power drops, usually quoted in milliseconds. Fast switchover keeps a desktop computer, a router or a CPAP running through the gap; a slow one lets them reboot. If uninterrupted operation is the point, this spec matters more than capacity.
Stations that accept add-on batteries let you buy capacity later instead of replacing the unit. The catch is that expansion batteries are model-specific and rarely cross brands or even generations, so choosing an expandable station is choosing a family to stay in. Check the maximum expanded capacity before assuming headroom exists.
A backup unit spends most of its life idle. Lithium batteries prefer to sit at partial rather than full charge, and every station self-discharges slowly, so a unit left in a cupboard for a year may be flat when you need it. Check the recommended storage charge level and put a recurring reminder in the calendar to top it up.
If backup during outages is the reason you are buying, work out the loads first and let that set the capacity: the sizing guides below do that math rather than repeating it here.
More depth: what size actually runs a refrigerator, picks for storm backup and how the four main brands differ.
If the station will be cycled regularly, yes: LiFePO4 cells are typically rated for several thousand cycles against several hundred for older NMC lithium-ion, so the cost per usable cycle usually favours LiFePO4 despite the higher purchase price. For a unit that sits charged and is used only in occasional outages, the difference matters far less.
Most modern ones can, which is called pass-through charging and lets the unit act as a UPS. The specification to check is switchover time: a unit that transfers in a few milliseconds keeps computers and medical devices running through a grid drop, while a slower one lets them restart.
The battery is the limit, and it is rated in cycles rather than years. Chemistry sets that rating, and how deeply you discharge it each time affects how quickly you use those cycles up. Most units also let you cap charging below 100% to reduce wear, which is worth using for one kept permanently plugged in.